%PDF-1.7 1 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Outlines 2 0 R /Pages 3 0 R >> endobj 2 0 obj << /Type /Outlines /Count 0 >> endobj 3 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Kids [6 0 R 22 0 R 33 0 R 51 0 R ] /Count 4 /Resources << /ProcSet 4 0 R /Font << /F1 8 0 R /F2 9 0 R /F3 10 0 R /F4 11 0 R >> /XObject << /I1 14 0 R /I2 17 0 R /I3 26 0 R /I4 31 0 R /I5 40 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 18 0 R /GS2 19 0 R /GS3 20 0 R /GS4 21 0 R >> >> /MediaBox [0.000 0.000 595.280 841.890] >> endobj 4 0 obj [/PDF /Text /ImageC ] endobj 5 0 obj << /Producer (dompdf 1.0.2 + CPDF) /CreationDate (D:20241227000033+00'00') /ModDate (D:20241227000033+00'00') >> endobj 6 0 obj << /Type /Page /MediaBox [0.000 0.000 595.280 841.890] /Parent 3 0 R /Annots [ 12 0 R 15 0 R ] /Contents 7 0 R >> endobj 7 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 1257 >> stream xV6+F$K>]7[o6"Zm"鐒]|j, @aô(̛FD$"ĩFXêb ?>?a+ܮƆQLbF;hr10rH/JI)%qʠ<(Rgd_"!o%g'+`K<^ ,v( o7/a,7'iU\zhH9e̲Ys櫅FvB]Wj`^4330WlݾX,gGDB`[{LP`lUi;t0ȃ%%dA,X`4EE.a9b3BWZ\sK~{m*YWZA$ٌD, rմ5Tb+mCv,#W`w^hq'>]O" c8 vct ^Q,',gɓ&YkB~ wB ÇNlN z#k 8d29Fn@VW_IѦ߶X^p,Ӏ{x';a@P9 ᨍS.O.*/ęe=]4X|w%u{p}ЈiH wz[dUB|(|F0Kqn\k%8!ҏ a4$Wsp`m"@W+q.q7D] 8I> q~5N(bEݶõ1RUI˭Vߏ.S04!, Ӈ9tM]AҺأ4~r`sRnb|B4D1«*}Db#x;(ɺ5 |HzYn]F~BE!F.%r|홚ZJ$0 c߼v!51w}`i;] $"g/^~x79KrJ4O /;h F L^;0%iN(ZtJ(cC*8x?q OJ$IJ 4l8q]ed7|i%p}3.5mfC' tKEP$]ٹҸ~ҷ4!%d&YųרHḂF" ԫXyQ> E{5V|[I%O$56 endstream endobj 8 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /F1 /BaseFont /Times-Roman /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> endobj 9 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /F2 /BaseFont /Times-Bold /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> endobj 10 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /F3 /BaseFont /Helvetica /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> endobj 11 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /F4 /BaseFont /Helvetica-Bold /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding >> endobj 12 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /A 13 0 R /Border [0 0 0] /H /I /Rect [ 35.0000 561.3522 147.5000 673.8522 ] >> endobj 13 0 obj << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (https://mohawknationnews.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/cropped-mnnlogo1-150x150-1.webp) >> endobj 14 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Width 150 /Height 150 /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB /Filter /DCTDecode /BitsPerComponent 8 /Length 7719>> stream ExifII*V^(ifHH02100100C  !"$"$C" J  !1AQ"aq2#$7Bvr36R4Cbcs;!1AQa"q2BR#34Cbcr ?TQE$ERIQE$E]Ya{cODNPZ"4vNVw' H*;p^&ma1vzlwOna+BkQ+W$#'bYi'VSCKr:Z5o}!Ɲ$+i))D co$r:1z? :꿃]X#iIZq³n_f]$e.ʐGR,M5u+%:r:6kQjpQysGPG_JpA>((I"((6_Q.xwH(e=R)'ȑMMH@<)sEH\w*:3ʒh̸,6mKQ8 rI<`S'JČS5mɅ~V7 6AqWm;ZI6*THoi9W``c(.ry&1|ysg?- z>,Wi4&v݌܇BRTw('Wd>ꊖ=&(y0j _39n>Ұ5 ',ׅ`H ;]ˌ\eI خj)F1"͏RIS%ձI~*:Vz:{3SQ u#I+6d9 >V|tHr42Ԃdj›#kl6ex5głjyMLqTa7lW}s^Ur|ϯ4vMc[jN (-ޱ{g*pyr4;4W8Mf 8IiZAZZrI$ztT5'B #\-)fKc,mt>n E\K /(a\ O_lˍMPHRw[$“x-E1UI \F)pW=9WCM횂dlÑN; ) A4D&ŧl[uũe Ŭ'a!)Jڔ䊋 Qn&cDϴ JZԒAn1II<8iF[6 gfT/68BޫYټ:zŤ0#w9$(C%s,j<cҲ| P^SRY[jIS1T74fPj\Auq .$i{-gU𪶺Sq- *N\aE+B<ұ8KFR4TyiC8k*8)7G;sLK},eCdRhҎß4AJ)q%Z9PB3;|qS@Gn$y*ci fVV*[HX_DB\˛C % 'EKܴޑTNx2Np=ԎS}g춻ma=e [/ðڢv}CUIKKd8V+\>2VdnxQ&MT;2JRH#)xj0$i(9N7ͤ`%DaGotW ;wJ @ ҽ^&iVh< 4qG (w?榼'p Ű)L hl46;/U饣!{OΊ08m f|9MKi +ڋR w smT 8095Oiz^vrR'9R$n'Y`iīHhHP${`u=ss3[t9>j<Uup/`9_qsXy 4XJn|>QVl5ۣ%7qsTz)7OES0RGOu`Ur }eݎ&| 9 :łq)a9۝.m i)6rV)˥%KiZGIuXtIO}nշ=G5OJ}[3v=iVtjVNC]E4ӫ E%'|v)j*Q$b21`:> PYytr  T EͰ'撱Wmy3Nk{omAH)Z= ,9J :5P<(Y&R= ꮣDZ4ߋeZemqiVpHFA{mi JCOEhN2z? O@tUKw HS͇|Z\F@ưFiDGF,^ovR} l[=6 Ot|uEꖥg ,|S;xa4л^=ַ̭iq1Tk)ߚw1ѽJ7!MDl"!q[=p$yjouv6{KĢ<2RsIuKU5tl.d6 JWNu3⤥$P&pB[2K'묜$H f>z|R?'ƫl:%*HHjHPzٗt˂/"h UznS[ ;z7Ê RvW.Ɋrɋu^A=*Ȳ,|cںu (OBZh>P,kpX$`:xU(%N(o7v{?jxDlް9:Qބ`[2)W'Kk,SZfan%xpE9b<>֨ Dۅ>V<,$tTOJP@jfs c[=Q2qVC0|A?ָ%Omžh;}R+}dM 4agcPP\jXG4K}q+qVJ8?J:h.Ƽ sE]؟WZ*( nGE(V_(NwtUWKou7l<88ڽr?t=wˢirn@SŠ2r>$>ڋ,}3S?Z(X';"V4Am Iz&kj;JZxPhf'ES_K](P'c CtN%s*GFH>ցy1vp |P%=O31+LۺbȘ?8֚YvXCF ^((^7kpC  )ӏIUs O>{ Ƣqb::fY2[įh ΪQ>}#Jp<ˆ!Cp3[{WX";xjNJ N}+&u/?xeHsc N1:\ܢ&F63;`^bZ7`a?2KiJ?u>zKў Oo0hrZgOL,ȔSU=0Pw+OVh t׊a7qQM/_im|#155N% jyem3`%{$V 4幙ӂ(]JcފnΕ8\v{R"AQCsFnpV<N!y6#8ш Co6ۋsœZEd3w+hƶ:- jC @dqEsqO0:f}W3}*?li3ퟅ4annߊ8!iP8 sYB̌IOVaӸޫ@u>jىNRTHfFZuOP$ (ŕkq6`Z - GE7vE̤N(j.GZu@))M#3m{b(3毅z^۷˺!9)U0zH h$+{r?xеuy*&ݒP,% 8I+u Wywu?s~#nnf74o6QYi=)9~Ғ"A GWfTnՓ,KCأ<L06V\vO@2Bvmwg6^?>w&1uL8P&U_49E:VўRݜ۞*;nGDNRM:8{x᧢ 鋍\X3n7x&'M5/vp}UʯrU>Ź.K_vAQܜg::wӋ6SLn$A5CWMu=+j\[߼Nv$2yV8:yT40p_s3`6529 wzgpJ?5Uxcm,wn,rBGU쥤`wZ0h%|TC>_t0q.m6x.gu}K?֫0lW/=,H"r(+vQBG̩a`AΤωs2N8 IPI I릛1>\ Kg!c?g>kD5+J$֣ʚ$H'YiG?Vu:ڛq Z T QZ,\[N?Һs\1: d}ӭ,-!C)RT8RH9pEBjkcHH Iہ58jfE #9?Jښb؃ FQS%@G̚ݠD<6y-r<X(C¢INnU%T Oj#Ͼ-DBc > >B=ܛe@ex$zzg#;vN2ozr%σod$Sr\*kZ({86뭼5d|I HW2y:_\#pYٚ!k[>`?mh-η.CF[` \pGv ʎӜdFeDYS]L)98_tKr 0=)i~,|?(Ɗ #z?꺷nqZ$n{G'lI Saa) ʜ0 ķNJĴPO++VLĸ[NѼ{ns fߡiW+Ikhd35\g~e Je[K`gǖj [+W7&cĎ QY<`-"$(;SǑzV*ʜm3]dYZJ6c \b*Isbc;% qo-Ŷ jaKHQ_קwr0 #^;`7q^)ɦuMK ɖ6ł'Ec]2\=0J M \zI-y ^ChݴGz(b׷^k~-5y߷uxR#Ȓ-ݯgG|QEGI ةۗ%TP/XPRA9h7.(W[u9N{޹Sn= sJ(z5iQnRT8NW}7g[m{0A!XQ>+zQN\Suw.5奤Fܾ{Eqwʊ|5ScLNO,92 ܁(.%u :?Pԉo $%NU3@_WVp*x6@> endobj 16 0 obj << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (https://mohawknationnews.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/download.webp) >> endobj 17 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Width 150 /Height 131 /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB /Filter /DCTDecode /BitsPerComponent 8 /Length 7331>> stream ExifII*V^(ifHH02100100C  !"$"$C" B!1AQ"aq2B#3Rr$b&4Dc ?yCdSʫqomC/IamMEN!{三T~KTEsڸ#}̇9eX?.1E;S" qN\ *rP?jhVXOC ~ ZSePs}A֝ԕ=T5"b=@\H!E4J2 9Ƕ-r)K ztU.Qע(ӭQn-e} 'qƚ Zz{)xĩԎ{?ظu.- gącp0]nh֙б@/Q @X^6VXGԝGtukۯ u*@@9֮حWHw6S"8^V+5+ڮFET6@%XZ FK{tYO[N%elEG:r:;zGyi53MJhC/D cO*13`txCWUZl,2$[" Aоc*5:NN#_ \^J3}u5hXK 9F*@ Ǡ8i (SM脲Je$V$bHqg=d䷞aU%e{%VYv u&GU5IUxz**vGgZ;NYL5ˑL}#t4A]GjUyBfHQܕ@# 22;9=u Sh͆(% ]ȴȳR*NOn;iE[tuwH$!ԩ=k݂pO"S֪ Ilsd1J,2uA?Om|)}WU9d.pp?=^h1t:3믱)kx(=55MJi㍢`T7Plr{bz$R~t-\+Ԇug=Xc/5RD59`c]^)*'^l!.Aһ{ʛm) h( QN8F_7f[Sp˰I8Q߾z9ЛĔ *JZ0KcW\tЋ+۩3cH 3W6jw+iRJ#G=n!issnǭ;~ Zhiac Ď9$@2TmQIGSJ",'HyG %k*js)e 8>.Dts{i#r$:e+JA btkݲ+=-Xk.T[ao9v >T}*շ 5UO "GzU6ͣ%]b$ApLPX>ZYx$1 !*y{i}iIYH;>]4iIm5)E0E UQǷ!S]S!su՞_}o`^X?.5ξ$,;=PKU3@S8@e~ GteҸpV9.t 9.E4!6G:-+FppV.*eu`'+i㪞*&9=@9F?ca j 9 Ͽ?d44§'8μRFEL.Op9]}[Z)VWe0ƺ gvŕii J\ܣ:oAwoANzYZb,FI'ACmJ k 0Mze`ǨcM5zZl[v b =額󻫣WYꞘ’K I+i\1\?^~x-c<ĤpNEF,pUOSxħVk lSE+Ш,Gc mnk- x?rOcCW+P]#O22>a?[: ,n5d=\ yX|ھm-ᅊơcxRj2IC_=5^ =FD:7bzϰX{<*=Tˋ  ,A%m+pAVi6*& KtP }h`Q5bE3փ /dc1 䧨U_ kjX%~zӑhqZ! =TTv= źrl$bCUlYMHHmm+-$*\A9߅Ii4(.pͭ[nmmr+5M C@oq(E:4]rH8km +ԉNr@JXrFr1ѥc R@$uEh65M6BW<wUesWרbV~zܖ4`X7=8΀UsM zJ#>ƻ*e !U 8㏦=5Y4Qt*`p|\@/O#T9"@ HZ.﯈zNFw׆a'::7rCL瘔X+}{aW:S_ũ?տL"F1ϏA0tؖ Q:5DSM$_;o}I)L{=jI"JHQ;ޤzM Zyѳ\+X# t`WGV5JXgD<=6p[(ZNw$ >2-fc|{qkv&9ѫ,7gZ|G_Q P9: ,iZ7TXO-=\ԲB:zmw49!T^;?#tV?6%2[ ,yi$K?{NuY+bUI8GIV?}gu5m(umx > ` }4^ ZN{xmaI* gfN:qH2;y}"Np\/ OWgH^)$h/D#8Sn[NP|p>zdoDs[)F%N| *lH禨eVJpB6%npՆ帋&ήduSF;sRmJi ߞѧ47w[MNDBb6 ; kԻXmvj넏E S%)_'@%ծOQ,#nvKPT9YxARI:` ( Hf X@ɖ8U$ i!xu(I5''h=8ε/5Էʚ;M*u*ʌ`vQ )rX7E,Kh3pՆ<@g+IU:3ÎgUk=uIx}%]WӲiIY1u]EVU*cSDښ&iD7t2"HAQ ;pp?rtw5@q`jjh9ěYEGQ!2 ƉhgݪaIҎ+> endobj 19 0 obj << /Type /ExtGState /BM /Normal /ca 0.3 >> endobj 20 0 obj << /Type /ExtGState /BM /Normal /CA 1 >> endobj 21 0 obj << /Type /ExtGState /BM /Normal /ca 1 >> endobj 22 0 obj << /Type /Page /MediaBox [0.000 0.000 595.280 841.890] /Parent 3 0 R /Annots [ 24 0 R 29 0 R ] /Contents 23 0 R >> endobj 23 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 1188 >> stream xVr6)e;XM{& " a ۍ-43=Vts_2zaAŻ_7dopC٧СE׀Z!R e Z ؜Qѡob0jRW7 ZUzFcv=\#R;s|.nB&8}Ble11!!C2]ڼNj6]vv=|L0!c"Iy2rzSdSXO#KFCO[D"yfբvJ9,(5vN++tZY ־e2A/v.Vd3[*S.-0k3=s <{x}`po^ zbJ0 ;#>y ˜PQ @\/.~y2[a>[!#G9leio_sa&W*#.SՑ1Q`vZ(Q@pgK ykVfSQljAߘ2]GSqƸwam\r nq-la>x]v΀˄ rg} y2;B#R$<7 endstream endobj 24 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /A 25 0 R /Border [0 0 0] /H /I /Rect [ 35.0000 647.3900 147.5000 759.8900 ] >> endobj 25 0 obj << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (https://mohawknationnews.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/duncan-campbell-scott-portrait-by-kathleen-shackleton-canadian-poet-ERH67T.jpg) >> endobj 26 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Width 150 /Height 150 /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB /Filter /DCTDecode /BitsPerComponent 8 /Length 5033>> stream ExifII*V^(ifHH02100100C  !"$"$C" <!1A"Qaq#2B$3RC%4r ?.((/-!C[gn~iIW39dyMoѱw(Ai^VNR{z\j !i #+lJ2Rh,9ixj[eJp6ϭTѐ.ϕVɹ aZtmGP;\> Q^[+{KKln[Ym9RHHQJҺ9Cͤ3ylyRܧe|gsz昜nVcH1I d& 2 d`촅`=o 4'@JI#k2%͝O$%*'^9*eI9Y}=(k8L_ŪSo2НBsHu*.>[;k2R \Nۿ_Α۔faJ<JZ|`}* ^4dr#i@8;(`AwL\-hr#O[a=p<^Nu-xi]Pz"ފlTYsR0p1;鷩{*\Ͷ$щ<@dԳEr%i );ETQEEPTji ǡ幗?v("L duJy9ZC= q#:Ԙftv:ܴIδkĥGmY4fXo4DsO[3MZpdSV} fP #OpN]\,jg-Ǝgځ$^իڴ υ-_-y)Ol磀gc+-Oφt>!-/&TmݳAGyl_,MĪD<%QЃ: ԩ:3ل.E,87N3!vjHJE?SOG;z]#Nʈu\@o3xu~nyjq_uSp!c C.:l˖i){ˆDž޾y粫n%v1Â?*rbg.ê"9ʓ!I; 'oAtQK_Z:.tei_1O_((6m!op((u2{Xt)?YXqu}-3MhWiLn}#>}(u;\t ?Zm&C9B pJ}G7^dvn1P׎=ZYiou!JKi,unߪS37D$_J T:ċAHiDS*8$8'Ȧ]`A/:JGv*񧒹qiK1)#;mUq/&2odwS9‘8z]{eSHpieJIq6$QVpGl|B.6ښ63@'h2)DžcrGLc-:؜RoFEXeDP3{u]wD)7S(8ԥ)u% nv#kƜ8RnU7[(5+J-&nC)m$& dcޢwozjG.[YY<[ӿA #bHmY}$1$s9i$Ol Y^RR̆K쯘IzvDcqϊYL#'~qrv] F ̠wC=9VksI> PPQg _CbMH,d%; ;տ֢L4{C;M!nxǶM&Cyr%)JJ.wnhV%J &$$ȸ;c;$_ʥ$92P)YB>/1h xZ`8=e;9m@ ksjClL!h8#9*˳EvO['ާ*t''VQ9PߙwϾ9c(REnmf"AJ]2=MU[)Țel^nڅ78Diތ GczFk ]v6pd|Ϟ/_GR*;6ȋپ8>x^ٯW*2m%{TCJGqZd;+?oI5Go:f!Go,ORTwޯ"ZFmSA9㩠q$y*4D qd 9q7ߝVZFDm_6(\»CCjtlqcpX ꣲEAj2=U$zv3Lj0aݕ$T|cYK^S\:S)vS?"!ZmG ޷Y)DPyd${'XdzB!5|gu;_`?- ι^*KysL<({ ˃i3f,[`8HKU:Wk$2r(F3| s" 嫍M~UF7vھKfsL !G*/-+keM!ǖWa j```WQ@QED$.!'-R|k-qFGu-0MT[`KOz!<7GqԂ`uƼm֩db<5IirvȠse)@gdp j5潕DZ 3Axr}qph:}6ޗ,m9w{aY 7jiׇ#Xj?QZ41p΢kLN[mGZi*1Z% >f=ܦ2D8TNF@)$RƖ)meH$mOt3N *Xe Fڕ{~}}}sd>]pY*>QEEPQE\<iM8`޻e/0+o#x.yLw8eAS߃-'6ANQrjZH#<}k31R8O|޵ Jڼ}@B]i8 [,S G8&jO1\*V"Td(;RAo$ l䆘gڣx1l"4n3 7 8gޔq۽JuT "x6\^O9fێ8Rt5c8ƛHvx4@ަH(((((+!* uEbNk7H=h)^ 'ֽ؈V: {惔6Wq]((((((((((((( endstream endobj 27 0 obj [22 0 R /Fit] endobj 28 0 obj [22 0 R /Fit] endobj 29 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /A 30 0 R /Border [0 0 0] /H /I /Rect [ 35.0000 128.7080 308.7500 388.9580 ] >> endobj 30 0 obj << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (https://mohawknationnews.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/download-12.jpg) >> endobj 31 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Width 200 /Height 189 /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB /Filter /DCTDecode /BitsPerComponent 8 /Length 12729>> stream ExifII*V^(ifHH02100100C  !"$"$C" K "2B!#Rb1Ar3Q$CSaqsD4Uc2B ?Eŏ=!ieK+Z=#N CՔ/+d y3qrJZ!0`1   ^0S<ΤVF a}il+Q`0`0`0`X0`0`0c6.%ƢBVg2_.]1?`Gn{s2+-ir\ȷ`pX `ƷŖl)X+J/Wl   5  ?9NAO% mW_-b"mKyr<dTT^5Eh,tKQ=,:xn-&|KEm.D[S"3&XA14IHL֔xwcs% 8J"Z# %Ƚ닖؏r/Pۧ6w hۍ&zX!.Ei %&nޗjǔ ؒ!!B[e%Ă]%싄f+* :SRn* "a3n|q] ;u1Vl8ғ"w(+SU:cId"XnZ6"$+"V25y9G k]"^ohztźECm1e͇"Z_nrPjyq&;t}YKA@d^@0 "hwT i D[MDHX+;dřfIkYǢŮ(A!g|=6C5%=4NSFd7>>ļ8<}GzޣTVRA+1͑nE܅%{ng.Xe~:e }#<ށjHY \yi ÉSߧuꎪmLrW -jƈ;on7.$DNŒfqM0[# ͖?yۺˮ8>EDS#.2F9JFBW0w JrmZ1uiźrGIJ"%(WY+pϯt\c^jMs@%HA "R]sY hF 9WƬShH+req+HD4Ԥv 2%~zu?&>=)X -)ω#c+.FL-i˦eG'dDt9%̭$ĐHp&EAϊIqx/Vq} kmb.BBV&0>:54^WSQsGJ }\}ԭW 3&\M`1ln!#݅NL}B\r+B\''Ilb]ƊԎJ'PuSDTޒhiRM̶B]$[]"_Ȉ.\\[~+b{w b|ۮ,BJZrO_FL^ L9 YnkDBpu]}!RkQ.>,Rڱ`sֈZct'CԵ+A@=9#D#uqZ] KP(}Xfu[JȟPm>D"%DXxZt0:Z=Ԍ!* ZmY/nI.>7OCβ4xn,^@Cs e|W7hrzi҆H'$%r%.5bEӍu$xJt =*k)uPWrlZ~,%=7KRc uCMHy tjbB)#7fҷB"%{[m/`K!ꮚkjP뜢SJZ6ydx/XCw+~.BC؟Qtr*<'6TYT VQ,^Wew"EZŪX`)x~"c 'Cm,̮/ӇzZr2;l/P?˷r兼65iJxʨ0EHא9wş I >{Hs><+mn.~4 gU"V"R RWmdR07+n K`Aƞ;PF(,|\gZ $B,+UJzՅ銚iehX!;d#D""Epu׵r`eZ Ȧ6# ,4yd7 ut)5R=[Yiڄ̩ 2 rlJWrn4Y/E~MdEJL;,Q [D"+]:gU+Wm Fy+py|BFgJv".K!qXGtP*:Z:dHM5gN1fwvZwvc OP)Q\D4C# fCȿ+c<ӡd*Cseh0u`.rj599jzzXaLTIvj_QeydsJBBBK" a:P?uLJ*m-y ~É?t@j%Xc* g#JV؊׸H&7oWYh޺R*PYd9yh7C"%DZqȻHLb$ie!OA@Op/=:]P׺3J }:@IpESȅd"CW{IE[Si.M/ %l>X\D"㋫Xʅ5ї$ZlIX90HnK>]J$eC,_ b&lG"ҴUYRFiuImA Qd*1)Cq܈D:IЫ9W:u5F쪟Mܿv;hppcgGjU'6:2mRvA/1'B]i3DHz|7OG}g.^G!odQn{vĖ8JU̓ cTT .52 ."Y^~[FeMk<3IKttf%sycj I閮ǓO[gOdFLEbB,mCq5m@/~gHˏ,JֱXb9]YRg}WHԝGr,%rO'$6Y]C ai4c,(Xa"ܲJRiujRJܖ ZK`LK"/cAڇiR,XoR%h,Iʤ=&UZĊk[Z#?VꚊ}JQ.0U#+ b7zn"< $7m|P1x<.8S,hQȊ_b6;RFx#ӊ{ H\",b]%OMW( ߘ$y0Z%onԚU*ELe$ٶz&n$En$ϣfLUMuY/&?!b?w;GG/.|+j*ccO4. ֍0O2-Vl&o8"whXtؑcS$S2V]"6(v8ҽzm@Į$0fKY/S5S(`on0ݘV Z\yw7ZXAFeBQjp DՈ$qY ^ Ċx) h*@Aw͇&9)e];^9$>ED_7GLljF,e#}CqqX0pCن̠+@g1MѻIbBVdEu&H(ŗ,cd&Vmn\BiZ>%h:.F*T.I%KYl5}]fR~,D&GJд,wB7h͉?R, hrJb d吖M+w~?X/ *.-NL9x '$?KP4mA%5lc%)a,BBCo4yU05XX9uD\~l$$XE04s[q'Y긭1e.U&CB|ٯ؎/aQl=Nbsι5م #3"&HTgHhz]fL+;S2C*Ծ8ґEp5T9yoʫIhiF;()#622,lb^Q ڽE1M?^W[Kav:V H|FԞ-3lEe]qWZGJԍD{ )j {Raq},~ yUY6T5r9$^YZ>DnBE%|b4њ"\$15q%yA92V#jH.ELmۇ-PJ"L^-,ء8ػtL_ZB_,zGJJGo%xѣsc_il[Kǻ;U)|I'-SJ`Ka\$L_+Gi|(rAC)Sm(RXBZ7v|]#:2uoORM_PCQ8"_[d[Bcp^JUU5ArRORmQP]"C{ Ϧv42*U5I1"嘳o>û#\KFԋ=>WdTdh[k"DHG t[NQQZj:ALֵ_4NIr OpJ/#@d@SԪ {j(_T n>-aD6vp++REC*"+D{}Gh4]YӫfVnF~QEvΩ#ADMUC6I(~6m? GY:RMGc/k8O,u{pY/!&:$PvIpHc(Է&EL} vޢ~,/T:*aRK!_[wTU3I5I>%-mmE\ i_+§Vig"ȶ`.TڋX.I ą$CǷpDpѡ=AYJ;viʐSwX^"?w,IOH񝪨;<(b,FD+^&o*G(d˥>e-Av iv\Z?6̫UktxkRFiJm%O.0~\)}aO\\:3HM깂\D+Y hhE[SP`qZEm+\n+4J47_LTȏ.0M[,ǎݤCwqqZ3<ː0i~yYF%ݷcc݃JDNDjRXY Jɷ"xV-qjw2@EV*Q2LDr!_0|%wpؒz~:nntɵZB'tZ)bD,e!Xq/qXg[#6FD\~bp\C%!+J+pD>b7飊yU)ۅ!:Kd-"lw݇"4,.",>8 ?v8R"ԂDa%ra|`8Wh4{q$ȧˊ[<2뻮uk>yJx*'[pEu"Sh2Ν^悷J SoĬxl~Iu&<ɜe𐙬HĻ\(\Tn$odc.n"]폧mc̍"T cMM-͖/߼.MQXK;V>\}J:Ka4]EdW1bW\pbD֎iޚnG}Zog>v N6Sh~ndˉhC_PRDI\DP.K79mHr'_6/ zR'N̬bsww+[C鷏m֎+^?L-ƨT:<|QM5I9odW,K=Xp[flf \%pOizy=JM+@b:QPޡSUb-O<Ȥ.`GK6A53P@GKb8@@O6!^a\c]&w[݆EZ4Y2ZaQ[|Dӽ7KbSejbAafܭ{q$ n\WMǷp:(׾&T db-ԴD\|!,4yZY>'ᗳ<. l~kJw?8J}:uX'DVR ZHH8Ԓ225Dqa ,Dv99_HʹYԪbeIqVy D^e>>߻.NDy'+9[ysD b_.<SDT>,;d^\^D|qXSF91Y&H#Y{HK FyG eeܿN91n^X&'%b*8p$qg򯸋0F|kb(~킏;m"<#1?j$,FD^f aNj=S[zƨ$Żq:qqM\{H2g/fżۘ{~ܿ0O@=H[!dl.\Kw*VuC$Iʣ%&ڄ!ehF#hˑrlҤN|{p220p;+4 J.E( C;9D6W}7 KS:1>1y yd??==6jFQG%)TR%͜[L.mapr"rX:o:dy&֥ICd瀬`"%ۉb4,?7smr/Y=>߷ rTՍoaŤ1$;+{}7x\^-hJWˌ`mCWg\ٟo,kB@1l 3YHK猖|$)*0U^ue׶jc+zQGevDƉ!!v=]&#-!d\rd16sej /`p 0 endstream endobj 32 0 obj [22 0 R /Fit] endobj 33 0 obj << /Type /Page /MediaBox [0.000 0.000 595.280 841.890] /Parent 3 0 R /Annots [ 35 0 R 37 0 R 41 0 R 43 0 R 45 0 R 47 0 R 49 0 R ] /Contents 34 0 R >> endobj 34 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 1897 >> stream xX[o~WfH3HGg=& 0jh´ۄt~<ژ@&5YECrݫ;qY.;RpGs&9\\qHt7P,``2/*++]e\^Zϡ.jCURgKS?#s Y+3gTuR~ʸO(c L`0 SgfVUyʪj7PT}y` (媶)EB%fQ3ī+QJ2UVdjf3 VIKLUry 0xUB*!|&$~Qƣ)ēI9$wdx">< YXp<uQ>r1f?0zAM>{Ogi(daR'J7b\q*H̾(0[aV{ۘ5KiwO:{9݀q7|Ag2[d2 <ǙkOos"dnl.GT<ϼn57ZNƥLkHBY8 %}g!^[scuǣ4/0>1G5Rje0t~vĄgF/z"E(^I}S~m h|I||;q}4ndZx РG. ܵZi[5o˶,lT;M11m*@7DT3i~^,0dH MS+9h]*. -;l?;l-vfHڍ)=:A GTɴY^>u!A,K`t9GzfJ!.su% PFZS ԣNy$ew(W_+W#<&8u'a'OS9s=X@Xvre{nmQ?6]q!51LҸOhi(ҰKCTfBׯ}2`}A;%̏=|zQjs]2( %8t.82qvIu 'lM&"J@ {@k;ߩٚX<:E&P.)翮ݼ)up #0E O;e3f}迶Nk8RJ#,oҡ Ȍks]پ\g.Q#]( ! h}*.(܎6;;OgE]SxX"x]P }qpÚRV@JLtO ILSQv!Fo 9 `#Ɗ;di"kS)ӮȚuq_RPJ kRONC.Z #AA ?9BWUQVmV=E|+N֣[_-UV7d'I[}Q}6'?P8hC֧'x4J.!-$IAwHn7oC2Jl"bݫ Ѩ0^,9Uڂ3}=ayaln5ӹ]~p |>"L:8!D[dw w<[%<.+s"{P0)ㅶT(E<:B\/dO0Bn)Wu;(}:9fb|~ɏn;@ya3k0BcJ\܂* qZ(И8'/l0|V endstream endobj 35 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /A 36 0 R /Border [0 0 0] /H /I /Rect [ 35.0000 700.4504 224.0600 712.6604 ] >> endobj 36 0 obj << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (http://historybeyondborders.ca/?p=189) >> endobj 37 0 obj << /Type /Annot /Subtype /Link /A 38 0 R /Border [0 0 0] /H /I /Rect [ 347.0480 673.7984 350.3840 686.0084 ] >> endobj 38 0 obj << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (https://youtu.be/A-e1gS5YERE?si=BUHO9pJ7EM7k9hdE) >> endobj 39 0 obj [33 0 R /Fit] endobj 40 0 obj << /Type /XObject /Subtype /Image /Width 1280 /Height 720 /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB /Filter /DCTDecode /BitsPerComponent 8 /Length 36800>> stream JFIF       "  ]  ! "1AQ6au#2BRqt&345SUbrs$%VCTcDde ?b}d&c%B=GRTk,vEfibϺ d8Ugnέoad=\u}=}-]WSMYYMu6/U[IV>4}[(NJG5w6g_|V@ 0 h˗CL}UK.<,ox~d`~YdY#5_q?Ð{~6VNRb{LU pV^u}d 6uȱ_tmlmnNuef=&MTI/?K$ <5q tϩʜrɊb+YO*lͿ + '~Q SPvdLlveۙe&9f7md8Tg\@Scfcd4GVƈp{Az,īDLLN=bb}1 KfFl+D"c]UHԬu\/Ԛ>?ߩ[~ٵ%=a` 3Գp hvQ9bМ1 eڻV$;m1wLոQLXj|Yjpb,ͦ*%&fUk;v)fSҺlvMfEDGuG3LDDB-hx` ׸7~ǺFVeK^25W|<;sd2Ӷʽ= .O価O~MUԪu+-qb˕nVY}T%)ğAjQ &g= Z浥iV~e&ES:sD2o`m~PU<7q[]/" 3"+9{WjWZZ%36%a[k,ǭ0L}_`/id$בuuUbOήI؝rfYIvVeD}ꚭw@0'ׄfN8YקEכFeu?Ҽ3;LǼRo@s L>\Xag²[jz3%4n*ܩU饗o+9ZYb|n3t='NƭchZp*vLw+[ P6#Wjsu*ZYq]bhk<,dTG;wOQ2 ?3*\ml2,ZʚxdhWXeT-W>8U>^v5P~zb艏+N#۷cy+f9{MvySDYMu.Do2ܳd鬦/~!Ӳ"+JUo||OĊ >hĩɵ(,hUXGY3f"&K[Ú dkTիm -i؍;LV<mWk&bbd5fj}Ʈ}rs՛WIE+ȁUT]zvumxUocJא5i]4_J*zCK$[*~o_0sr14+Ʀ[^OZQrV-u.Rlw{񆃨b׍[vE5[cb:Ybm]3Km?wCT#֘\m%u}d $mFIxq?(Y t,VNQgax5R 8.dWrT;CR)~oqK gޣJ]S*-(oIņLx۬#5N-j3YˢSYjGIhY&7Lo M;So@si]ׯVLi=Ns%Iڌ"$4P&66CXМMhsxdp峡6ֺ,Nvo*6au%aZ)YUZݿjNUeũ}_b<{pRi8m- M)Lm ^M*'ZQehRd~"qӗvQ\SyY4U(O_דUWW6Ʋ+1ȫ;E~ Щz*t]GeR֊'X,&QaՖ*&axo] ϕmC&q2lUZ)|DEgWj!efX7Wx?@ֱ+PNvŷVhLDp mᓮĕv.Sbkljl䛥_d۝}"Ih:wӓCwc]uU<=o:GtJ\}?!A}=SL妬8DOe)+iVq7`6UFn2XS|o^E;gɽ,y+ƻoޭ~-/-?ZA80m3(ƕoUF%?s Qm>u^ 9yjc+m|{ðNjr߫LzхZo<ܙf==zD{}^Dl?3OɍɻhIer+{f'L .X|Cfje鸼FU5cݗ,sj=vEtאJ+MaOg?.RNO%Fnm3Hq>wN ƾp6wN®,oDȉk_3!uE7N=V]uRKiTYEjŜEaӍƭ^>% R`.fRя_E|]* 536=Z~jWexU^ ʓ 1u.S N ёQ[5Y%VۯM6Ev]1]|9UqOULKC8,H};MOñ=ޕrYӴLӼnWԋMb9W˓iUpVaZq+? ܮ~z^Nõ4#_=>25˳=MJ[e2[W P+ѳ 2«"tɮĽ-ś9G7,:-W%^DD3T1>U5,lD/,P "q2sʅۙn|rR[߼F>zN|%Wm ~U2-[/ce'Ûp&Ӎe1={,Ըu=3NȌlUjviDuLfmg]Z'; հ2aԟ"_} MU'GslOHl;rsRqjjxj"+tgbb wQ֤XqW-ٌ4P1W6ehk'-v^)kNzcՒ{cXWڭկƏ+ˍaW sn^.Mo'7'?bss7/6ͶӸtgaO m1]G37e1fEyٴo;B¢-hG ajT>.f5xTדo#Uտ+,ʭV$>GUWݓ{٨Cݑks9JXʱ >n k#w%X]_6el̳bd J|}?!O>,< iD8M8xS65p5Z';BKm^F_ s"̜aa"ܛȶfff剙]@ /VF3M̾ݷZ1i]'7QUFԍDkYGvbC{ej†y7q2򘿃b:$zV}Y1釉cTO"oLg)v|1?7óQ^1oڒժ'xWwߧvo^chO)n5Kz.T.rDZr*J2DP:\'OZ] 9XE1b !k"c2ss¼5n~^6_dS\OX$L9OqSTk1dyJW#V'gZwoVˢNYWz׀{pZՃi*ދUfE?=4 ~00UǫjH^i1.fil|M;^N^=t~y͠vLnn^>odVdܔ<>kYq,׳фbdK/c"})-JմUG .Mǯ&SUyRb7A)<_m3aKa,i%hm^!s'hØ. Y|Wyoo&LZg5*̪zyXDIYjݴ,:9$̍}4K>+.̚J\Vcjy޸c /'Z34f9Y겔jH[jc0.} LL8e>'ΥjKQOaMdjggȜܻsr.#ĝո21 )WGy'nYMm< kou2m7fgDG@8EZlEi-]x1t+}R_͖j KӨ#hJpXLDrx`p[iuF^;51-F<4}Ŏvu^xJu GRy+3F~ nެWTV5e%fy^٢@\;/OO/'q_lC+=9V:ܢ?#oKFs3.Qm7Onʲ+=%ؕV;EEil]v ^+|zuG&܌Z߮돆.ۛ7XLbCY^3L~ղN_,m1מKJJY٧*n3f<'~ '1(m4KOpLUQhʜ{kjb(6kJ톘ik"%Z{w-ozrq4ı lgjZ|fZUyUb Ǹo|-t3X.%ٮh\P4C4N-Ւ`Qg# ey>6XhC~݁Gp &]=oKɅgFLco'*G?⵩ͅo-L|̞IK24+r4B܍17,nYg] {,5Ggwjee|33?/Q4t÷"q'9-h\j+ȧkdž,b4I^<FǓRPb)h52kz:422׋ WLLDDzKӱ޴EwQUZ#fyUVZz#}&njc÷GTMG3L+«#ї'+i\,ȿl+f(H^}~o; .C2'"w.>+|90MMdIiGl-OO> Zq )3W.>Aq`sﮧol>~[mCҡv! /JuSO>\ O7s>Kԝ3]XŖבxO:/)4Mz7&ȮnvXglU歷ҽc*]69ep-6lK7ňү{`~Yd-OF_ۙc]/UM]]v74͏M.fEimv(Σ/_ƪ{w#%hh[.뢽7u\<u}d2^>BJmĶ&"wSIYr%::1Ubbcx<&DBcӍ^F\';Oe33+~i{@hOķ\+$czCDؑס$S^.M7O[:NdWL7.W]uVԋ]hEEV"#쇴n!uLsUߚjgX*i=zlGc]fN5-Ve|lvem.ݩM7K{vHiR;rPqNM5?6&c}Y}ޒNJ+!Ы ,;DDGYds{ٝ٧vvifi~9ƺ*dBY{l<] ݛ3>8*MńY2/xzmj'ijY"LvO usԵƣ].ދ[4N6c ) ēl~0lήݲ[pxi#EiYkVe$ Og+;|*pq\ZǾM&ekF_*M|L1(x6G~~ak%jmN_]&2͖M->_#XF6y^s&ݹW}fvwWip&t`[EЫkOgVw'fYw!Wmh HSS9?bhMAwrѕ+5W>bMq j>]YFEIu6YZ=cs#,uixj÷"n߷RS1m.ۀGl]~^2[ln˜O"ZZ-uNvz/|+ ͷu~^q?Կϻ w]wiZ 3 l(wγdLD&QgiM?e8K9rFmKmSn]NzTbbbeb&&&`cd#|zsNֵ1+xHmf>sHehї~mٵٓu]5P\SJsMkיٙlrgwhM\ĬcޓrQ?:~ F ^7ѽ3˛-Jk+XͷͿĀ 1'rl-|7bײG1i^ztgڼRӴtA~[dXf;:|M6rekT&,":s㭵\Ze%|;و}fLU\G`-<\{;f`R޵v-Nu6Lmg!W+7Wkſ'ѣ;.ɢ˟)!y|ȶWyF"`摫[uWܶj[[~ߙ$5 ى2w]?-o2l.+0\VYLVlHiX|=6&ì~}KYd0̾e6e|34LMK s]/}C0x3qysEfM,WU4TKyUBQ\*KLmw)ğAjQ/N$ U6t03DF>Ȉ3SR| kou2͸?r'lVO|M.Y~Ѱ{o/봚۽UӺWicWWF(?uC~, r7 _ ]g.ލ=J붜+nZꉛl3#6>-|\1B}杕iILceEv/Xq:,+ &q?kMDI~odb.>MknN2ڕZG4*YMKfǽc?EԱ5}s:|g[ȶQVfM,ϕF(3r}l Nbj/fVceKU[-)cV̨lu剙Q|H@ kW>o "4&=;}~`jtZ尲kgi2i|/൏tO8J:԰rb[21jiw\%U+NB/NiËFڎ~VM^Nc%guQ ʓyŁ~cRb̊ȹ9fuih7xGRL|k~J7Txi>;A.-c G޻E7'K\-{bc3}=U\03 Xx,˺ߌEUĘfJ)9GScVt.igj_Jxvo5Ȇӳżb[6ȥ; l@Wy8JbR6QEu,tL211ďjىmUҲO$rJdۼ{bb:|Hsp&.NcYW] J\/V3b6}F]33h\R[X{it^iwhv)|-sG?j\ŘWuvcTҸW0L_6T` m+56Ӱq)LZ|&DňJ+ڦzs$,c{I"'YL+%lZ.Z"E[n]=7q.ex_fVgT֪yxʰ̈^1_OPvqn?r_KLs/2N}[s#4{lv=xp~n:}L/+hV)7#Sf:ܓ?{e +۾ǯǾ-cW/zֺ²ofjFUvy[4n.˼b^B0.)hGVkc^GJk[goZs.km^vm. ~"zѥicכYVW]5c~TXL4<܇Ľ8#O^/[|dcEy5Ͱ4[Wlzӷ_AP狏g+ nNnϵ20.v_|OJ_c1k'79:W}l(J>>z֯@q)Ë{̌;ǵ龗[*jĝacx˻xԘG C˯%v%]6<ޫX ҼX8a?& thsE'<xvy5ge}>+ї )Yx_S# Għ"(+5#)%ˢJi~Y{2c6+y?}moyrpoel>e鎞mO3FD/ºm i h|yf6nn޽wbْ>.8]~ 30Q{YUyZLk4,7m!XW~h=|]~&lr5+/\,Z qkl!,y٥ݬi*p=xp^v=zdgiؔ͸QnN5W.ќҩ01 4\]C ;ȥ!hFꮓіZ'%v?9L/."Z,w۫Se 䲅nk6Q^_v{\eV/]T[WϚg7Yix[ }L̬ok*>UǔS|˵9QȵM?6,[ۍ]{;63ZVF=Yz^UMU_T$cU+yrF NO >4綟4z%)vލgϑW/Ϳ^ SukVXJϻ|}\y԰ɫ"^eRybYbgn0cV׈7x+5Դ\uƘɭi̪ٽTy#b3>YǦ]lRʬFGFYVVhhݿbpk!~`*7N|Fjnf;ʴJ+ۭU/#Ńu5mO͋?o"i0gjr`Q~v} fSr=+xԗ;[fWPcy[> 4חRc!ql֫|ʬKl]]y6#@[K;Pv#*^vLjluHYvZ96b=d_ OmWݗWS7Ox/#Xx&1dfUmVc'7#hT&4LOSU7eiԬ5SRNe*DDYX2Y^kӴ_\ 43+ 뺑gqNO87f[Kq M 1 }M+;Nm11@0 X x*qE 阍?uFcS^x_WFfq>ۢݏ?OHb@n^ҸǯV\;o#yv93kp!bgɦm2kJgzG4w V}TۏCwQr5WRWGeͧ76oOԱT?2#9nJ*[QllHxVhWufh&_MivUEM2ߧ'.;<4f>żӏSyCM7DF[v2"ìjsˍ?Skt,ɞfm>loo5q8w7khyj:wר(`o=m LvlEoSL.P4|Ju{+{nֺeǘTDEfixևfV>=V]}-UUR͖[c*""34DDo2M^83PΟ3[q*iӱ:NVts$"O*9=|?(WS-.N;=z=o5OUlYjyfǿbxweDMĦ*3隫ʩ&\疽&##hoZ6ʼmai:˱r(' [,k*|^bՉ}hlDLIZב.n q2jrӌQ'vUvLJ8WY,ֹǷ*ԩYQdgE7u= KQV3KmxjVљ"hc~p_F5xcREk]i:{Yvifffd=<<=SOZ*͜ʧ(DZVO3tZb"i:u6glmNnUgY$m)cPֱ,B6;s݀qfU vVf]+6]u*X,۳4GY$\W>We9i]*m3ȬBn:R6z؇Wh!FsU MeL}y5ōc$ۡZwxtܝ>zRη&y,66yxgUM7z-K;6?RKʧ>hkG]ȪISx#,<uM]6Țy|W"yQj4nןv#?+yj붛&"v[H}_ W\Do3;D{@A3]zɽq,eA\I4bU'r&iyZ&3NtK1)gf@` _+o38%ݕASx/UjG͊2; *c' xY Qb`9w>~y W};zRs£LqstjkjLRXvMZR'tlhn=;w8+MmS?/JnLK쿞hYM9c@ <=\Z+of&b|Z=uM[bDD֢]vZy|WAwE^ Tƈٕ3,_l%u򮮫6y6C5(ˌ-+!+M.j,2@,o5};ɍYqx/gc\= oMFftSӑ_(]PB$r3Lnh={TJ放Զɷ!Lj+v{Znf孷:soA`_GB;9@Գ4˯ȻǺVl-njFx LDZشLU0-20T WZٟٝ}5T%j+|ݥ5qf/v^)3yVmʖi"oL;Ȫoڻji&UѢYZ&%f"bbc|@Yηę1`ߛ~,Ju+U N{]~S8%!s)o%k.O?%)N̹e63Fv[q1r'Hp3kp|4'DUzRF#Mٗdk%TTK-)e-hJWcDLʣ`,8AӨHu}g5zL3:ꩶӼgZEZٔZ;A<,u J:-&"bs&7fsX]=:Y|ZKOu[p5KŔO%/ Ɯe]n.U m,=c *03 ;˻p^.4ghvͦb|Z&%Z9e@@Eּ]q"g7Mif&f"6&7g,B"W&}Wk:sDKiQ^y93Gqewh., }'o?¸S[Ej_+SR]m o+έ2]mȚR6u"vNnEɍ3F6EjX~I=c{ZM YnZv:.rڷYn?5K*[jQbZo.]byZSeeym oD0-%wKř\fEo.4:Ϊ?]J/ONqZ"E+Mymna'ˆntxwb)m3')9ZHiʹVԛ!{$/gJJ=/buo3*&eb7>>-Qo3*hgMdeV_c8qk֩q͓U]~²imK>6Wxq˾խ}Y֦oDm- S89685:^Ddb2ܬUbUCboGXhWVs|~&S뇺ks0oZZڹ'ھo+cG\CkSx3UnEͮˏLGRzYJۜDص/͐UUǯ(ϫx1<msraOTJD<]ur64l+[>S:ҖUV~-9Uo/Z^̼ ޫijY5[^W}ZDP>trߒ\9>ի# ~0-SVҲ{ɍ|C[MCWUrE8c?Zh٧+¯8/+U̫ |uF0,Zfy*Œ{,DJlҳiΦ|,ZU-WeYߑտar '_XXхE9-TceZsM4eOA_"x;\-KN12kyȯ;ǘ޸Uz =5?AP p?i,??CW. OYaj^9/wNNۊ/wNNۀݱvOĺu^t;bd<ި܍jcSGU[&vhFmgf kIkqUi-/-]=R"zcҶMT]|i=ºƣЙTQRSdKdQ6%ktؓ;:4D󡓔3;K343N3333333%wxCkfN{Y2Eӓϼ\ ܮ+D4o 鹉CdLDGb첧rSW#G]z/FV#V|VŏXՁo~VN%]f)xid>8ٞgԶMUv,J-7;5rU3?qbsW[qL'q$GH;ξK+ =RFf>T_L7*DLD,L4Bufdݧx𦛖xyu4Qd36K=vJeUmxWjCJY\3dW]ӯ6폻~跻G}㈔ӯz r%VlXVz%^e7H -\Ϭt6]>U/Ӻׯ5!|_uo^j@:!HX='qF58zsv-Yte-)UY]#nx]f#4WkfFg}ayѿEy2k11l+SZ6eV{X->ɝ9*}3.S)޽e(k<^YwoZ/aF~5]DWV ehhfٷ,n\{yȕbnt3ݣ۴lac\Wi9q^URg$;b_)1d+n;;oָbjz^ꑼo3tS. *l{vqfg[Y6RFV6=62SEK3<ֱ٥yi cWdc2UJP,CWu;*ļ6- 0+&Nd{5#&K ŘaxLLǼ E[#ѫ:+ԫb!*綬XM-3?a5ү}5ZWykϫ[t5GYm?ki\}ѧ1FUJ5kqm]ڬY벶GY2D Nw{}CĽ;nS/ɢط=w]-дZX|"2k]їV׷"-Vd"ZF"ww=_+LqTYk-βh^5y0H잭dW6^/4nj 1؟Fǖyje|ط؞#MJZNjb6Lń&#nkk}<—O1^%͕`N4ľ6*^LϫS)Zsd.^u4$MyF;@!7wayZͩ:E]1ssV#xkj3%j^:>&uMW|&U5ZkɌyXyVgRVVx_/h1Rr6컷*wǤYd/ՅpWy^jm R՟nlLgvܫ6!Y3CnƟӸJ'X"jbhxax=K N\NXTɾ~ՏddeϽq'_CG;A!1/ԫ3fzrLVW,Do&my6wxoԗ eSgD`;:[zYz;ǣX[D3Ciæzk6Za+ErD,G 6T7¡X|:̹hcUqr.?-u$§得ݒ#t7ո:ڱnԯW̻VN""M+35W^(_+KU,fq4Ll:xzi%wٮʭk@*jeLLrB?aAσ3fźa]4>0''Ϧjfmm111:ON18IҲfwYy~EWn3W^Er$4V2͘+R6ɲ7\8ES+̏;4~i&PQҷLˤQjU_Җg24L;ѿJ槳fuedjy4FUE۸f;\Z!)Ұ7V<)x5\o*n˽&b%bfff]rUޫgē-N'7Jmly74ͷz,F{М{abbS6desMQU{EsJCY}BC?0?wKKq*5g>s¤YSCWl"sF*[nZkW.+:b:ElLGfڞvDwAvz ʔWe~SOdёO_d WiZ4|6L,K6_Ӌ)wK6_ӋhgW'u"ƆexAb}wR @ʰ8+OcTdyGOϏM#9o.q-jrqn-_mvT;{&7f%Z7/mXTӬxF=kpoYk*;ewG[ժu<2"f#!̌|]کnTzb&f!fTy8bʴC+D+D2OI11bzIiyZm6ￛV-vJi.Ա˻&[_˫&-HƅiUi gO⼌WU/Ӭ[+7-hsSEs[5^ZԉU$h4>hųYx+v̓^>bWfTj8 jWFBW=1Sǭ)c4DO0%7ap4bW^*ҲW,ԪEkts7?چ[/4Z} лC}k=F qb8Yz~RcfݍzrJ4m<;mDixIqx:~kYZ*uego*f6 ܣ}#LO1>pb] xdEiɵm9mw"gM+t4J-{Ux-wK*yGXmaU&:g{|ῠRQ~Ĵ+NgYȶz]wia"=>)ARY;L>xsi_;v|?x֭Ob|xbLL{bf)?}wWĿN]]tU4bľytXO5"gEDb>5Dywc#x_Tӱ)#wmb9Zڕ"w94h+fK+e,eY!bU&&&&#c]+V*+VjuQuttVY3k=zޓhv^GM",ȈZ"=U/' eee-Z^E6dB7]߈m:쩿4̗Pj#5;i˫ܶgZUj䕫o1vfse_;}zRoʾ%wV]:Ϥpi|>>Fh??.5w>Qyd ~(Vd f. -C̟9jZ?p?˿|qLP'/ݗ~i~@}>i[ex~FJ;&~_U=28c~*CH-#^6hvav|LD"}sgizn7ceQn4,KKږ,|բ%>ZW,*DgvXNu[^h;o.!ǿ+!|jlȾ&~eE96GZw4z]VӿEx>BV1-i-c 7ؽ'WnlYhzMWVBKL_ ?SQF5ˋi>3saYyQ3CϸCNޫQlj,GWGYVYy>sem(:̌ L&w[+4Uf<̜uV]34&w%g NxMԲ:QnCL,+Rt^#nx!ʲZr3Rk1/V͵ 4-FKX11͸328sKΌrx]hE>D9鈓7-l-anY?q=&cOjH2m1늕av,V:ofy~i6fɋ;VCN _b*Y\t&3 1 mDc}}G 4԰DkjΫ#:1Vi4[UvDV\u4o}W{;RlȉZf"z4S srrZgfffffiffzd^/~Uh>2]µzY9+ӼK _:vI oSKQNyaQ\-ZnMx9W}[SãG,N A7/CܶWso-x_K[|ￗe-EYsN'cSEӅ*߃cqdFn &&nL4*?x M(l]C7**crXו!s 99US}-TRu<4tݓI옛q0Kz>r{W{9g޻O;9º~`a11Ӎ\_>[f&YVH=~;eѸgu\p][4u7']J"&@~,=զ~^ (5_e˔U\vkZҙ['h/e3?&W##"&#Zb&#Օ|v)}nQxs^ ?R}6رb^/#hOHJb#4WhY׈/.f_edcZ7W :"VW2_+U97hoQt|qdїlncضY=,G%nY6̵i/]jY֘wfi* DX3ԻUkuVWusV,Q,L'Z xAרNY?}'wD-_M¯K21ꮜj|͘Ȧ:^6[,V ByڞfnNW4=R\LL#L{7Xxc?_i`Mizy9 ZҷeZڵ+;p30;B7fy1fUbUff:Xy7w1"}>Qce\LXdGW|DtS[-yl=h3b@c?So˹e_fMf> 7RĶkhz쭦*x f&'$v+6%q]zS,F7Ud#Z~vy[/5]S35VymF4HZ\N75iv;އxUlM#SZʖ*x^yeX%n|}W5ek[tedzՏ̳m~w23-3333Yɶ4.iM8EVMy%TUZZ,>ʈ" Ԁ x.%iL}OUϡ-/-Ut]!,u_imb?{^;ܜ^{Ɨli{,v,=fgy쳼pJzfsF=U2X0ͼ6 X}}9=]cK}4;OVwi3'WqV.cRQN]URl̟juC7Y^hɲ[cw;o 5-,"硭HnhVXhi鹈7OjqǬnsNfX,ӻ;4-3~  5uUѡ#,?qz4.k^z3e+|&y^fae}b b7oxNwy=?dNl=S+zgvEct&T6ėqHHg{xŠ:3yȐ#'T;S)IOFȍ{4_ᥛvij̅mTٺߔߎ^X|ӡ??Qɛs(Lf)f$#ڙ ~wt|9˳Ӯ47^?͸hAWK7j`͵vprķX>< OSUF>Ϛ|}M]Z4vv|knY>]ѳH.N$W z}O@vÞĞ@tK~!) [+΁UDXHOvЮ}d[`ۺDخ@hCc0(_|V endstream endobj xref 0 53 0000000000 65535 f 0000000009 00000 n 0000000074 00000 n 0000000120 00000 n 0000000464 00000 n 0000000501 00000 n 0000000650 00000 n 0000000779 00000 n 0000002109 00000 n 0000002218 00000 n 0000002326 00000 n 0000002434 00000 n 0000002547 00000 n 0000002674 00000 n 0000002818 00000 n 0000010705 00000 n 0000010832 00000 n 0000010958 00000 n 0000018457 00000 n 0000018516 00000 n 0000018575 00000 n 0000018632 00000 n 0000018689 00000 n 0000018820 00000 n 0000020082 00000 n 0000020209 00000 n 0000020400 00000 n 0000025601 00000 n 0000025631 00000 n 0000025661 00000 n 0000025788 00000 n 0000025916 00000 n 0000038814 00000 n 0000038844 00000 n 0000039010 00000 n 0000040981 00000 n 0000041108 00000 n 0000041197 00000 n 0000041325 00000 n 0000041425 00000 n 0000041455 00000 n 0000078425 00000 n 0000078551 00000 n 0000078635 00000 n 0000078762 00000 n 0000078846 00000 n 0000078973 00000 n 0000079052 00000 n 0000079179 00000 n 0000079314 00000 n 0000079441 00000 n 0000079528 00000 n 0000079633 00000 n trailer << /Size 53 /Root 1 0 R /Info 5 0 R /ID[] >> startxref 81087 %%EOF INDIAN AFFAIRS - Mohawk Nation News

Mohawk Nation News

News and Articles by kahntineta, Mohawk Nation News Publisher

Mohawk Nation News

Category Archives: INDIAN AFFAIRS

DESKAHE 1923

Posted on by

MNN. Sep. 27, 2024. October 25, 2024, will be the “100 year” anniversary of Duncan Campbell Scott’s Proclomation that his Indian Advancement Acts would be the 100 year plan to be rid of the “Indian problem”. The plan was spelled out in the “Indian Lands Acts “of October 25, 1924” that created all of the indian reservations in the colony of Canada, the imposition of blood quantum legislation, the residential school death camps, etc…  which was recently removed from CAID.Ca.

In 1923 DESKAHE Levi General of the Grande River at Six Nations was sent to the original convention to form the League of Nations in Hague. It was to be the highest world body for peace in the world at the time, the precursor to the United Nations. Deskahe was sent by the Haudenosaunee’onwe to bring the Iroquois Confederacy into the League of Nations as the world’s first and oldest democatic confederacy on the planet. 

The Iroquois were sponsored by 16 plus countries worldwide. Canada was not invited as they were a colony. Canada’s response was brutal and swift. They pulled out the colonial dagger. Deskahe was never allowed to return to Canada and was murdered in 1925 in Tuscarora near Niagara Falls by the assassins of Canada. His body has never allowed to be returned to his home at Grande River.

“Our object is to continue [their disappearance] until there is not a single Indian in Canada”. Duncan Campbell Scott.

There are a couple of bodies that need to be returned to their homelands: one is Deskahe who must be returned from Tuscarora to Grande River; the other is Duncan Campbell Scott  also known by astute Indians as “DCSquat” whose remains need to be returned to his homeland in Scotland. October 25th is the anniversary of Canada’s most evil deed. October 25, 2024 as the 100th anniversary of of the “business plan” to be rid of the ‘Indian problem forever’ [DCScott]. He is going back to Scotland where he  belongs to heal the earth in body, mind and spirit. The malignant tumor he brought here must be removed. Indigenous people will celebrate with the removal of DC Scott’s body from turtle island followed by a celebration in Scotland to receive their dead son.

HERE LIES CRIME MINISTER D.C. SCOTT UNTIL HE GOES HOME.

 The Six Nations made an international case for its autonomy from the government of Canada. Deskaheh began appealing Canadian policies such as the Enfranchisement Acts to the Department of Indian Affairs. Canada wanted total sovereignty of turtle island. They still have none. Six Nations continue to be independent allies of Britain, that Canada had no right to enforce its laws or the enfranchisement act on its people. READ DESKAHEH’S FILES ON THE SIX NATIONS APPEALS TO THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS, 1922-1931.  historybeyondborders.ca/?p=189

Steve Winwood chants the farewell song to DCSCOTT: 

Blind Faith-Audio with Lyrics.--Can't Find My Way Home

CONTACT:

Kahnistensera@sunrise.net

mohawknationnews.com

mohawknationews,com

kahentinetha2@protonmail.com

ELORA “MOHAWK WANNABEES!!!

Posted on by


MNN. Aug. 8, 2024. On August 2nd, 3rd. and 4th, 2024, The Kahnawake Hunters faced the Elora Ontario Mohawks, a non-native team of the Ontario Junior B Lacrosse League at the championship finals. The non-native parents and fans showed the spectators  their method for beating their opponents, the real kanienkehaka/Mohawks at that game.  The appeared t be using a formula of acting out some of their culture with rude behaviour. Lacrosse is a traditional game of the natives who follow strict sportsmanlike behaviour.  This kind of behaviour would not be acceptable at their ultimate sport event, the Olympics, which is presently taking place right now in Paris?

At  some recent games some of the settler mothers waited outside of the arena and yelled at and spit on the faces of our children. Definitely not acceptable.

One spectator from Kahnawake stated in a facebook post, “I came to Elora to watch the Kahnawake Hunters and I was genuinely shocked by how the crowd was behaving. I started recording their chants ’cause i also thought it was funny that these white kids lacrosse team was called “Mohawks”. They sure weren’t acting like their namesake, the Mohawks. I got yelled at by one kid, “Turn your fucking phone off!” Personally, I think they were just embarrassed by their terrible actions.” If they call themselves Mohawks they should play the game like true Mohawks, the kanienkehaka, as it is a community game of respect and healing, to bring everyone together with the good message that here on this planet we are all brothers and sisters with the same mother and the same father. TAKE A LOOK AT SOME OF THEIR ACTIONS at a game we call “the game of creation“. 

 

 

ELORA

 

Be inconspicuous!

 

ELORA ‘PRETEND-MOHAWK’ FANS SHOUT AT THEMSELVES, “LET’S GO MOHAWKS”

The late and great Hank Williams advises these pretend Mohawks, hey “move it on over”: 

Move It on Over Lyrics

[Verse 1]
Came in last night at a half past ten
That baby of mine wouldn’t let me in
So move it on over (move it on over)
Move it on over (move it on over)
Move over, little dog
‘Cause the big dog’s movin in
[Verse 2]
She’s changed the lock on our front door
My door key don’t fit no more
So get it on over (move it on over)
Scoot it on over (move it on over)
Move over, skinny dog
‘Cause the fat dog’s moving in[Verse 3]
This doghouse here is mighty small
But it’s better than no house at all
So ease it on over (move it on over)
Drag it on over (move it on over)
Move over, old dog
‘Cause a new dog’s moving in[Verse 4]
She told me not to play around
But I done let the deal go down
So pack it on over (move it on over)
Tote it on over (move it on over)
Move over, nice dog
‘Cause a mad dog’s moving in

🎙 Hank Williams Sr 🎙 Move It on Over 🎙 Lyrics

Tanakerahneh MNN Sports Columnist

mohawknationnews.com Box 991, kahnawake, que. Canada J0L 1B0 

MohawkMothers.ca

Kahnistensera@riseup.org

kahentinetha2@protonmail.com

LONGHOUSE LADIES

Posted on by

History of residential school cemeteries is evidence of genocide, interlocutor  Kimberly Murray of Kanehsatake issues historical report, as an ‘antidote to denialism,’ as she works toward her final report.

https://www.cbc.ca/news/indigenous/interlocutor-kimberly-murray-historical-report-1.7253567

Antidote to denialism: “Each residential school burial is a burial site against humanity and is genocide. These mass human rights violations can be prosecuted. Government and church officials made decisions and created all of these that lead to deliberate desecration of the burial sites of indigenous children. Government and church made these policies that lead to deliberate desecration of the burial sites of indigenous children.  At times these officials even actively participated in the desecration through both their actions and failure to act. Government and church created the crisis of missing and disappeared children and unmarked burials that survivors face today. This is meant to be an evidentiary piece of the genocide and crimes against humanity that supplements, complements and supports what the survivors have been saying for decade. Sites of Truth, Sites of Conscience. 

READ THE REPORT

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1QxAYUtCztmu1o04-wJ9xZ50Qc77N3rNo/view

Joe Cocker sings “Woman to Woman” about female intuition: 

Woman to woman (woman to woman)
Hardache to hardache (hardache to hardache)
Lover to lover (lover to lover)
Woman to woman (woman to woman)

Woman to woman
Ev’rything I say ev’ything that’s happening
Seems to come your way
You don’t care if it rains or shines
Long as you know what’s in goin’ down at the local rodeo
Woman to woman (woman to woman)
Hardache to hardache (hardache to hardache)
Lover to lover (lover to lover)
Woman to woman (woman to woman)

Lover to lover
Well, I’m brown as brown can be.
Don’t let it get on me.
You talk about money, honey
And then you pray child.
But I don’t wanna be alone no more.
Woman to woman (woman to woman)
Hardache to hardache (hardache to hardache)
Lover to lover (lover to lover)
Woman to woman (woman to woman)

Hardache to hardache
Don’t let it break so fast.
Think about all you have
And let it last.
I can’t take no more teardrops from you,
But that don’t give you no right to shout
Woman to woman (woman to woman)
Hardache to hard-ache (hardache to hardache)
Lover to lover (lover to lover)
Woman to woman (woman to woman)

Joe Cocker - Woman to woman (1972)

MohawkMothers.ca

 

Residential school burial sites are evidence of crimes against humanity and genocide. These mass human rights violations can be prosecuted. Government and church officials made decisions and created all of this that lead to deliberate desecration of the burial sites of indigenous children. Government and church made these policies that lead to the deliberate desecration of the burial sites of indigenous children. At times these officials even actively participated in the desecration through both their action and failure to act. The government and church created the crisis of missing and disappeared children and unmarked burials that survivors face today. This is meant as an evidentiary piece of the genocide and crimes against humanity that supplements, complements and supports what the survivors have been saying for decades. 

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1QxAYUtCztmu1o04-wJ9xZ50Qc77N3rNo/view

 

 Joe Cocker sings “Women to Woman” about women’s intuition: 

Woman to woman (woman to woman)
Heartache to heartache (hardache to hardache)
Lover to lover (lover to lover)
Woman to woman (woman to woman)

Woman to woman
Ev’rything I say got labeled and has happened
Seems to come your way
You don’t care if it rains or shines
Long as you know what’s been goin’ down at the local rodeo

Woman to woman (woman to woman)
Hardache to hardache (hardache to hardache)
Lover to lover (lover to lover)
Woman to woman (woman to woman)

Lover to lover
Well, I’m brown as brown can be
Don’t let it get on me
You talk about money, honey
And then you pray child
But I don’t wanna be alone long before

Woman to woman (woman to woman)
Hardache to hardache (hardache to hardache)
Lover to lover (lover to lover)
Woman to woman (woman to woman)

Joe Cocker - Woman to woman (1972)

MCGILL CANA’JON

Posted on by

MNN. June 30, 2024. McGill is in the trenches with the robots! The state did not want indigenous around so they experimented on them to create the genocide plan sanctioned by Colonial law. The politicians and scientists who set up the “sleep room” at the Allan Memorial Institute during the 1940s to 1970’s “took orders” from those who own McGill and are trying to destroy creation. People now listen seriously to the debate of two top US robots who are vying to ‘run’ the world. Militaries are now creating robotic armies to fight each other. Allegedly a California designed robotic office worker committed suicide by throwing itself down a flight of stairs landing in pieces. McGill actually has “war labs” creating these weapons for their clients to murder people. The enlistment rate has declined drastically. The police use robots to attack people in their homes. Robots are not paid and so far have no drug or sex problems.  A robot is programmed to not deal with back stabbing, fork tongued murderers. A robot feels no pity, remorse, or fear. They don’t stop until their target is dead, or their battery dies. As Lakota activist Russell Means said to Congress, “Welcome to the reservation. You are now the new Indians!” 

Here’s “O Canajon” sung by a Mohawk Mother to remind or enlighten the colonists of their genocidic “100 year business plan” that comes due on October 25, 2024 called the Framework Agreement based on the “Indian Lands Acts”, whereby this title acknowledges that the land is totally owned by the indigenous. 

O Canajon

We will heal.

Now watch the “Sleep Room” on the tactics developed at the McGill Allan Memorial Institute under the direction of Dr. Ewen Cameron” to turn people into robots.

The Sleep Room The CIA and MK Ultra in Canada

Contact:

MohawkMothers.ca

mohawknationnews.com

kahnistensera@sunrise.net

kahentinetha2@protonmail.com

#991 kahnawake quebec canada J0L 1B0

EMANCIPATION IS HERE ON THIS ISLAND

Posted on by

MNN. June 28, 2024. Everyone in the world knows that we onkwehonwe are turtle island. The colonists took up residence, and stole the land, forests, waters, resources from the natural people placed here by kasastensera kowa saoiera, creation.  What they are doing to us is not fair, just or reasonable. They know we can never give up our mother earth. The kanienkehaka of akwesasne are carrying out their duties according to the kaianerekowa, the great peace.

Land Back at Barnhart

Contextualizing the Re-occupation of Barnhart Island in Shared Legacies of Struggle

By Jennifer Lee

Views expressed in this opinion editorial do not represent those of any of the eight individuals arrested at Barnhart Island.
Some of the members of the Akwesasne 8 along with Indigenous supporters from outside of the community. (Photo by Akwesasne community member Demetri Lafrance)

On May 21, 2024, a group of eight Kanien’kehá:ka (Mohawk) community members from Akwesasne were arrested at Niionenhiasekowa:ne (Barnhart Island). Certain individuals among the “Akwesasne 8” had originally gone to Barnhart to exercise their right to build a hunting and gathering shelter on their own territory, in part to protest an ongoing land claim settlement that threatens to hand over Kanien’kehá:ka title to this island, among other traditionally held territories, to New York State. The settlement is being negotiated between New York entities and three Akwesasne government councils.1 Presently, the settlement negotiations would require the extinguishment of Mohawk title to Barnhart Island, which would be effectuated through an act of Congress.2 By asserting their right to the land, the Akwesasne 8 have sent a clear message to both negotiating parties. Barnhart Island, like all other territories illegally stolen and swindled from their community, is not for sale—particularly not by collaborationist band and tribal council entities that purport to represent the full community but that were in fact historically imposed upon it at gunpoint.

READ THE STORY:

https://magazine.scienceforthepeople.org/online/land-back-at-barnhart/#easy-footnote-15-16285

 

By Marina Johnson-Zafiris

“[This] is not a story of triumphs of engineering over nature, nor is it a story of masterpiece on international diplomacy, nor even a story about change. It is rather a story about the intimate relationship that the Mohawks of Akwesasne had with the environment in which they lived from time immemorial and how change was forced upon them, through really no choice of their own. It is the story of how the forces of outside government and corporate America seemingly conspired to break the identity of the Mohawk in a manner that no residential school had ever successfully accomplished—by changing the environment in which Mohawk survived . . .” (Elders Study, 1995)

READ THE BACKGROUND TO THIS ISSUE:

https://magazine.scienceforthepeople.org/online/akwesasne-and-the-history-of-hydropower/

Our minds and hearts are chained to that island for thousands of years. There is nothing that can break that chain, as Joe Cocker sings to our intruders: 

Unchain my heart
Baby let, let me be
‘Cause you don’t care
well, please
Set me freeUnchain my heart
Baby let me go
Unchain my heart
‘Cause you don’t love me no moreEvery time I call you on the phone
Some fella tells me that you’re not at home
Unchain my heart
Set me freeUnchain my heart
Baby let me be
Unchain my heart
‘Cause you don’t care about meYou’ve got me sewed up like a pillow case
But you let my love go to waste
Unchain my heart
Set me freeI’m under your spell
Like a man in a trance baby
Oh but you know darn well
That I don’t stand a chanceUnchain my heart
Let me go my way
Unchain my heart
You worry me night and day

Why lead me through a life of misery
When you don’t care a bag of beans for me
Unchain my heart oh please
Set me free
Alright

I’m under your spell
Just like a man in a trance, baby
But you know darn well
That I don’t stand a chance

Please unchain my heart
Let me go my way
Unchain my heart
You worry me night and day

Why lead me through a life of misery
When you don’t care a bag of beans for me
Unchain my heart
Please set me free

Oh set me free
Oh woman why don’t you do that for me
You don’t care
Won’t you let me go
If you don’t love me no more
Like a man in a trance
Let me go
I’m under your spell
Like a man in a trance
Oh but you know darn well
That I don’t stand a chance no
Oh
You don’t care
Please set me free

Joe Cocker - Unchain My Heart 2002 Live Video
box 991, kahnawake quebec. canada. J0L 1B0

Continue reading →

REMATRIATION OF TURTLE ISLAND – McGill Grads Statement

Posted on by

MNN. JUNE 6, 2024.

 

CONCORDIA & KAHNISTENSERA MOHAWK MOTHERS

“Good Medicine Talks Series” 

Indigenous Knowledge Chair

Lead by Dr. Catherine Richardson Kineweskwen

The McGill graduation remarks at the Bell Centre in Montreal reflects how our young people see things. The kahnistensera Mohawk Mothers wish you love, freedom and peace.

 Bob Dylan sees it your way.

 MohawkMothers.ca

mohawknationnews.com

Box 911 – kahnawakw – quebec – cabada – J0L 1B0

kahentinetha2@protonmail.com

DOGS TO SEARCH FOR UNMARKED GRAVES

Posted on by

HHRDD HISTORIC HUMAN REMAINS DETECTION DOGS

TO SEARCH FOR UNMARKED GRAVES AT SAQ QUEBEC GOVT.  LIQUOR WAREHOUSE

***PRESS RELEASE** __FOR IMMEDIATE PUBLICATION___

MNN. MAY. 10, 2024.

May 10, 2024. 

On May 9, 2024, the Société des Alcools du Québec (SAQ) issued a press release announcing that construction work for a new warehouse in Montreal’s east end will soon resume after the completion of an archaeological inventory performed by the firm it hired, Arkéos. In January 2024, the Kanien’keha:ka Kahnistensera (Mohawk Mothers), in tandem with the Comité des Orphelins et Orphelines Institutionalisé des Duplessis, had reached out to the SAQ to ask for measures to protect human remains on a site where the SAQ wants to build a new automated warehouse for wine, beer and spirits.

The grounds upon which this development project is situated have a tragic history. It was used as a mass grave where the unclaimed bodies of thousands of patients of the St-Jean-de-Dieu psychiatric hospital were fed to the pigs called “the cemetery of the ill” or “the pigsty cemetery”. Indigenous patients were present in addition to Duplessis Orphans, who are largely Quebecois children born out of wedlock or from low-income families that were sent to asylums and orphanages. They were abused after being incorrectly re-categorized as intellectually disabled by Prime Minister Maurice Duplessis. They were kept in forced labour, denied education rights, sexually abused and experimented upon. The Sisters of Providence, who ran St-Jean-de-Dieu, said they exhumed the entire cemetery in 1967. But many additional bodies were found after the SAQ bought the land and started to build a warehouse, in 1975. After further construction in 1999, bones were reportedly found that were never confirmed to be non-human.

Since last January, the Kanien’keha:ka Kahnistensera [Mohawk Mothers] and the Duplessis Orphans have met with SAQ representatives to discuss a respectful and thorough search for human remains before any construction work begins. On April 10, 2024, all parties agreed that an archeological inventory would be gathered using the SAQ’s contractor Arkéos provided that the Canadian Archaeological Association’s Working Group on Unmarked Graves (CAAWGUG) would peer-review the reports and provide additional recommendations before the construction begins. A traditional Mohawk condolence ceremony was conducted and then Arkéos’ inventory began.

The SAQ received the CAAWGUG recommendations on May 9, 2024, just after the SAQ announced they would be continuing construction beginning next week, following the completion of Arkéos’ preliminary archaeological report. As the leading national body of experts formed to address the need for research into the mass genocide of Indigenous people at sites like residential schools, the CAAWGUG recommended the use of Historic Human Remains Detection Dogs (HHRDD), and to identify any human bones found by Arkéos on the site. So far nearly half have not yet been determined as human or animal. The CAAWGUG recommended further investigation using archaeological techniques based on their expertise in finding and identifying unmarked graves and burials to be conducted before any development commences. 

In light of the CAAWGUG’s recommendations and according to our agreement with the SAQ, that there will be further discussions before development continues as announced in its press release. We all want to rely on expertise and best practices. We expect to continue the cooperative and respectful spirit of previous discussions. As the CAAWGUG stated, continuing the development without further investigation would risk disturbing and potentially destroying the graves of the most vulnerable of our society. They died of maltreatment while survivors were retraumatized in one of the darkest chapters of our history. Such a decision would be unprecedented in our discussions with the SAQ thus far regarding a respectful and thorough investigation. We would not meet with anyone intent on disturbing the graves of the dead for the sake of commercial development. We are committed to a respectful dialogue and to implementing the advice of the best experts to respect and honor the survivors and the memory of the victims of these atrocities. 

Judy Garland searched for answers to life and finally threw in the towel and sang that “life is just a bowl of cherries”: 

People are queer, they’re always crowing, scrambling and rushing about

Why don’t they stop someday, address themselves this way?
Why are we here? Where are we going? It’s time that we found out
We’re not here to stay; we’re on a short holiday
Life is just a bowl of cherries
Don’t take it serious; it’s too mysterious
You work, you save, you worry so
But you can’t take your dough when you go, go, go
So keep repeating it’s the berries
The strongest oak must fall
The sweet things in life, to you were just loaned
So how can you lose what you’ve never owned?
Life is just a bowl of cherries
So live and laugh at it allLife is just a bowl of cherries
Don’t take it serious; it’s too mysterious
At eight each morning I have got a date
To take my plunge ’round the Empire State
You’ll admit it’s not the berries
In a building that’s so tall
There’s a guy in the show, the girls love to kiss
Get thousands a week just for crooning like this
Life is just a bowl of, aw, nuts!
So live and laugh at it all!
Life Is Just A Bowl Of Cherries
box 991, kahnawake, quebec, canada J0L 1B0

PALESTINIAN-MOHAWK SOLITARITY

Posted on by


MNN. May 8, 2024. Karohianoron passes his words to our indigenous relatives of Palestine:

Protesters walking the street, holding signs and Hiawatha Belt wampum.

“Tekaianewà:konke’: Mohawk-Palestinian Solidarity at the McGill University Encampment Shé:kon sewakwé:kon. Karonhia’nó:ron ióntiats. Kanehsatà:ke nitewaké:non tánon wakeniáhton. I introduce myself to you in my language, Kanien’kéha, the language of this land, my mother, which so many of you call home today. My name is Karonhia’nó:ron, my family is from Kanehsatà:ke and I belong to the Turtle Clan.

I’ve just returned from Saskatchewan, where I attended a meeting for Indigenous archaeologists who are working to protect unmarked graves of Indigenous children across Turtle Island. What I bring back with me is a reminder of the importance of nurturing community and political alliances across Indigenous nations. That is why I wanted to be here with you today. I want to make it clear that what I share with you today is shared on my own initiative. I feel very strongly that it is my duty to use the voice I was given to speak the truth, to bring people together, and to call out any injustice that I see happening before me. I echo the support that has been voiced by my cousin Ellen Gabriel, as well as by the Kanien’kehá:ka Kahnisténsera.

It is my understanding that Onkwehonweh have stood in solidarity with the people of Palestine for some time now. We have been learning from each other about how to survive, resist, rebuild, and reharmonize for ages. This is because our struggles are one and the same. As my elder and mentor Kahentinétha Horn wrote nearly a decade ago, “the Zionist butchers massacring Palestinians in Gaza are the same interests that carried out the genocide of 150 million Indigenous people in the Western hemisphere” (Mohawk Nation News 2014).

Know that you are allowed to be here, and we are with you. That McGill University refuses to acknowledge its complicity in, let alone divest from, the genocidal project that maintains the existence of the Israeli state at the expense of the lives of thousands upon thousands of Palestinians unfortunately comes as no surprise to me. As some of you may know, I have been involved in the search for unmarked graves at the site of the Old Royal Victoria Hospital and the Allan Memorial Institute since the summer of 2022. I have seen nothing except the very same violent, denialist narratives being deployed against my people. I have seen the authority of the Kahnisténsera as the caretakers of this land disrespected, repeatedly; I have seen empirical evidence of human remains dismissed, repeatedly; I have seen the lives of my Ancestors and their belonging to this land erased, repeatedly. University administrators have made it very clear that their goal is to ensure that no evidence of unmarked graves are ever found so that they can plow forward with the expansion of their campus.

All the while, they continue to make enunciated commitments to “listen” to Indigenous peoples and pursue reconciliation. This university has spent millions of dollars fighting the Kahnisténsera in court. This battle has been going on for years, and continues to this day. I’m sure all of you here are aware that your tuition moneys are being used to fund the massacre of Palestinians. But did you know that this last December, Provost Christopher Manfredi stated in a university-wide notice that your tuition fees are also being used to support McGill’s efforts to deny the sovereignty of the Mohawk people and the right of the Kahnisténsera to protect the earth and all of her children, past, present and future? (see “Update on the New Vic Project and clarification of salient facts”).

I want to make something very clear: McGill has been illegally occupying Mohawk territory for over 250 years. This institution exists thanks to the theft of moneys meant to be held in trust by the Crown Corporation of Canada on behalf of the Rotinonshón:ni. As such, President Deep Saini’s repeated insistence on McGill’s supreme authority over what can and cannot occur on so-called “campus property” is not only repugnant, but based in a complete lack of understanding– perhaps even a willful ignorance– of the brutal history of this institution. The way of this land is the Kaianereh’kó:wa, and all foreigners are subject to the stipulations of the Teiohate or Two Row wampum. As an invader, McGill University is in violation of both of these. Worst of all, by committing themselves to actively participating in the genocide of Indigenous peoples here and in Palestine, McGill administrators are desecrating the kasahsténsera’kó:wa saoié:ra– that is, the great natural power of creation, and of life on earth. As such, this university and its beloved investors must account for the Indigenous children whose lives they have destroyed by immediately divesting from any and all interests implicated in the genocide of the Palestinian peoples and Kanien’kehà:ka.

Remember that while you are fighting against powers with an affinity for violence and death, you are also fighting for the continuation of natural life. Remember that you are not alone, that you are carrying on the legacy of all of those who came before you, and that you are taking up this struggle in hopes that the children who come after you will know only peace, freedom, and happiness.

To my loved ones who call Palestine their home, know that it is creation that placed you there; that your life is precious, and your bond with Mother Earth is sacred. I wish to leave with you a gift which has framed my understanding of solidarity for quite some time. The closest equivalent to “partnership” or “collaboration” in Kanien’kéha is the word tekaianewà:konke’. It describes the concept of two people walking upon the same path together, and who hold each other accountable to stay on that path. It is my understanding that so many different peoples have come to support the encampment. I’m sure you all have different ideas for how things should be conducted, or how your goals should be pursued. At the end of the day, we each have our own hearts and minds. But you must stay together on this path.

For me, it is the children who keep me in line, who remind me of the horizon we are walking towards together. Do not let anyone corrupt your soul with anxiety, fear, or a lust for power. To reiterate the words of my cousin Ellen: WE ARE ALL PALESTINIAN. Nià:wen’kó:wa, thank you. I lay my medicines down for you and send the strength and resilience of my ancestors your way. Karonhia’nó:ron Rati’niáhton 

Edwin Star asks about “War, what is it good for?” and answers, “Nothing!”:

Edwin Starr - War (Original Video - 1969)
War, huh, yeahWhat is it good for?Absolutely nothing, uhhWar, huh, yeahWhat is it good for?Absolutely nothingSay it again, y’allWar, huh (good God)What is it good for?Absolutely nothing, listen to me, oh
War, I despise‘Cause it means destruction of innocent livesWar means tears to thousands of mother’s eyesWhen their sons go off to fightAnd lose their lives
I said, war, huh (good God, y’all)What is it good for?Absolutely nothing, just say it againWar (whoa), huh (oh Lord)What is it good for?Absolutely nothing, listen to me
It ain’t nothing but a heart-breaker(War) Friend only to The UndertakerOh, war it’s an enemy to all mankindThe thought of war blows my mindWar has caused unrestWithin the younger generationInduction then destructionWho wants to die? Oh
War, huh (good God y’all)What is it good for?Absolutely nothingSay it, say it, say itWar (uh-huh), huh (yeah, huh)What is it good for?Absolutely nothing, listen to me
It ain’t nothing but a heart-breaker(War) It’s got one friend that’s The UndertakerOh, war, has shattered many a young man’s dreamsMade him disabled, bitter and meanLife is much too short and preciousTo spend fighting wars each dayWar can’t give lifeIt can only take it away, oh
War, huh (good God y’all)What is it good for?Absolutely nothing, say it again
War (whoa), huh (oh Lord)What is it good for?Absolutely nothing, listen to me
It ain’t nothing but a heart breaker(War) Friend only to The Undertaker, wooPeace, love and understanding, tell meIs there no place for them today?They say we must fight to keep our freedomBut Lord knows there’s got to be a better way, oh
War, huh (God y’all)What is it good for? You tell me (nothing)Say it, say it, say it, say it
War (good God), huh (now, huh)What is it good for?Stand up and shout it (nothing)
MohawkMothers,ca

LIVE. “LET’S TALK NATIVE” WITH JOHN KANE 4/27/24

Posted on by

 

EXPOSING ONKWEHONWENET ‘TURTLE ISLAND’ LAND CLAIM THEFT. 

Tactics being used to place indigenous people in positions to steal our land through frauds. The broadcast is self-explanatory by two onkwehonweh, John Kane and tekarontake Paul Delaronde. Send this out immediaqtely. 

LTN #581 Live from Akwesasne with John Kane and Tekarontake: LAND CLAIMS!

There will be more information on the next broadcasts.

thahoketoteh explains very main principles of the two row wampum applicable to our lives now. “What a magic place this is, the giver of all life and teacher to all. It starts as a trickle in the hills and continues growing wider on its call. Feeding everything on its path and asking nothing but respect from the biggest tree to the smallest insect. It then becomes a highway of fish, men and beast continuing on its journey that will never ever cease. Chorus: The river of life has many falls, twists and turns and steep walls. We travel down it in our own way. The same has been from the very first day. i’ll stay in my canoe. You stay in your boat. I only  hope you stay afloat. I’ll smile at you. You wave at me and we’ll continue on towards the sea”.

Contact:

SUSPECT SEEKS BUT DOESN’T SEE

Posted on by

MOHAWK MOTHERS SEEK & MCGILL DOESN’T SEE CHILDREN’S GRAVES

MNN. Apr. 15, 2024. This is a reprint of a Montreal Gazette article. On Friday, April 12, 2024, there was a case management conference at the Superior Court of Montreal between the Kahnistensera Mohawk Mothers, McGill U and the SQI Quebec government.  The Mohawk Mothers are requesting that McGill and SQI refrain from excavating archaeological zones until the appeal is heard in June 2024.

“How to search for graves at Royal Vic site? Mohawks, McGill, Quebec clash

As distrust deepens over results of archeological digs at the former hospital property, a court decision looms.

Published Apr 12, 2024
Clash over possible Indigenous graves at Royal Vic siteAerial view of the former Royal Victoria Hospital, right, and the Allan Memorial Institute, top left. Are bodies of Indigenous children buried at the sprawling site, part of which is to become an $870-million extension of McGill University? PHOTO BY DAVE SIDAWAY /Montreal Gazette

Nestled on Mount Royal’s southern slope, the 19th-century former Royal Victoria Hospital towers over downtown Montreal — a symbol of the city’s past and future.

Despite two years of court hearings and archeological digs, there is still no answer. Read on . . . 

https://montrealgazette.com/news/local-news/how-to-search-for-graves-at-royal-vic-site-mohawks-mcgill-quebec-clash

Clash over possible Indigenous graves at Royal Vic site
Members of the Mohawk Mothers of Kahnawake, from left: Kwetiio, Kahentinetha, Karennatha and Karakwiné. Kwetiio says McGill and Quebec are rushing the probe of the former Royal Vic site. “It’s supposed to be an unbiased search but it isn’t.” PHOTO BY PIERRE OBENDRAUF /Montreal Gazette.Our story is like a baseball game. Is it true! Probably. John Fogarty explains baseball pretty good with this analogy of a baseball game. We wonder if the game is fixed. We will play to win!

Well, I beat the drum and hold the phoneThe sun came out todayWe’re born again, there’s new grass on the fieldA-roundin’ third and headed for homeIt’s a brown-eyed handsome manAnyone can understand the way I feel
Oh, put me in, coachI’m ready to play todayPut me in, coachI’m ready to play todayLook at me, I can be centerfield
Well, I spent some time in the Mudville NineWatching it from the benchYou know I took some lumpsWhen the Mighty Casey struck outSo say, “Hey Willie, tell Ty Cobb and Joe DiMaggio”Don’t say it ain’t so you, know the time is now
Oh, put me in, coachI’m ready to play todayPut me in, coachI’m ready to play todayLook at me, I can be centerfield
You got a beat up glove, a homemade batAnd a brand new pair of shoesYou know I think it’s time to give this game a rideJust to hit the ball and touch ’em all, a moment in the sunIt’s a-gone and you can tell that one goodbye
Oh, put me in, coachI’m ready to play todayPut me in, coachI’m ready to play todayLook at me, I can be centerfield (yeah)
Oh, put me in, coachI’m ready to play todayPut me in, coachI’m ready to play todayLook at me, gotta be centerfield
Yeah

NOW READ THE GAZETTE STORY:

John Fogerty - Centerfield

MohawkMothers.ca
Kahnistensera@Sunrise.net
mohawknationnews.com
Box 991 kahnawake que. canada J0L 1B0
kahentinetha2@protonmail.com